grammar.verbs.ser-estar

Ser vs Estar

Use ser for identity, origin, classification, and stable description. Use estar for state, condition, location, and temporary situations.

grammarA1, A2standardinternally_reviewedv0.1.0

Explanation

Ser and estar both often translate as “to be” in English, but Spanish separates identity from state.

Use ser when you say what something is: identity, origin, profession, time, material, or a general characteristic.

Use estar when you say how or where something is: condition, mood, location, result, or temporary state.

Examples

Soy francés.
I am French.

Region: global

Estoy cansado.
I am tired.

Region: global

El departamento está en Equipetrol.
The apartment is in Equipetrol.

Region: BO

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